You want to use Linux and OpenSSH to automate your tasks. Therefore you need an automatic login from host A / user a to Host B / user b. You don’t want to enter any passwords, because you want to call ssh from a within a shell script.
First log in on A as user a and generate a pair of authentication keys. Do not enter a passphrase:
a@A:~> ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/a/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/home/a/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/a/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/a/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
3e:4f:05:79:3a:9f:96:7c:3b:ad:e9:58:37:bc:37:e4 a@A
Now use ssh to create a directory ~/.ssh as user b on B. (The directory may already exist, which is fine):
a@A:~> ssh b@B mkdir -p .ssh
b@B's password:
Finally append a’s new public key to b@B:.ssh/authorized_keys and enter b’s password one last time:
a@A:~> cat .ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh b@B 'cat >> .ssh/authorized_keys'
b@B's password:
From now on you can log into B as b from A as a without password:
a@A:~> ssh b@B
If you want to config rsa for multiple hosts with different keys. You need to configure .ssh/config file like below:
Host bitbucket.org #host base url
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/bitbucket #private key
or to create an alias as below:
Host alias
User user #user name
HostName host_url
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/rsa #private key
A note from one of our readers: Depending on your version of SSH you might also have to do the following changes:
Put the public key in .ssh/authorized_keys2
Change the permissions of .ssh to 700
Change the permissions of .ssh/authorized_keys2 to 640
If you want to login directly to tmux, you can add alias below:
alias thost="ssh user@host -t \"tmux new-session -s user || tmux attach-session -t user\""
Original Blog is written by Mathias Kettner and posted on linuxproble.org